Steam-engine



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. O. JOHNSON.

STEAM ENGINE.

Patented June 9,1891.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. E. G. JOHNSON. STEAM ENGINE.

No. 453,642. Patented June 9,1891.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDXVARD C. JOHNSON, OF KEOKUK, IO\VA.

STEAM-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 453,642, dated June 9,1891.

Application filed $eptember 11, 1890. Serial No. 364,664. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD C. JOHNSON, residing at Keokuk, in the countyof Lee and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Steam-Engines, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to cycloidal or gyratory steam-engines of thecompound or multiple expansion variety.

The object of the invention is to produce a compound or multipleexpansion engine of the cycloidal type in which the steam shall becontrolled in its passage without other valves than the pistons of theengines; also, to connect the cylinders to the shaft by means ofeccentrics; also, to improve various parts of the engine.

Figure 1 is a plan of a compound engine, showing the cylinders, pistons,and shaft with cylinder-heads removed. Fig. 2 is a central verticalsection of the cylinders, pistons, and connections with onecylinder-head removed. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of one of thecylinders, one position of the ring piston being shown in dotted lines.Fig. 4 is a plan of a triple-expansion engine with cylinder-headsomitted. Fig. 5 is a vertical central section of same, one cylinder-headomitted. Fig.6 is a side elevation of piston. Fig. 7 is detail plan andpartial section of the rockers and chamber in which the piston-guideworks.

The numeral 1, Figs. 2 and 3, indicates the supporting base of thecompound engine. The cylinder supported 011 said base has a centralpartition 2. At each side of this partition there is a hub 3 and 3-",extending out from the plate. Rings 4 and l project from the base 01'partition at a distance from the hubs, and rings (3 and 6 surround theselast rings,forming a casing and leaving chambers 5 and 5 between. Thechamber 5 is deeper than chamber 5, and each chamber 5 and 5- ispartitioned by a cross-plate 7. The chambers 5 and 5 are therefore alittle less than complete annular chambers.

One end of chamber 5 has an inlet-port S. The other end has anexhaust-port 90, which leads to the larger annular chamber 5 The chamber5 contains piston 10. This piston is a broken annulus projecting from ais in the annular chamber the disks 11 will U rest on top of rings 4.and 6 of the cylinder, and the breach 12 in the ring straddles thepartition 7 The ring piston is of such diameter that its outer surfacelies against ring 6 at one side of the cylinder, while its inner facelies against ring 4 at the other side of the cylinder. Ring 10 will beeccentric to rings 4 and 6, and disk 11 will be eccentric to thecylinder. The break 12 is preferably somewhat wider than the thicknessof partition 7, or steam-ports may pass through the ring 10 near thebreak. The disk 11 has a projection 15 extending from its face oppositethe break. This projection or guide rests between rockers 18 18 inrecess 16 in the casing 17. The casing or cylinder-head 17 is bolted orotherwise secured to the flange 1 of the cylinder, and has astuffing-box 31, through which the central shaft passes. The centralpart of disk 11 has an inwardly-projecting ring 240. This ring containsanti-friction rolls or cylinders 21, which rest on an eccentric-disk24.2, attached to the shaft 25 and adjustable on a squared portion 86 ofsaid shaft by means of shims. The shaft 25 rests in a sleeve 87 in hubs3 and 3*.

Now if steam be admitted to the chamber 5 it will swing the ring piston10 from its support 15, and as its movement is eccentric the ring orcollar 240, bearing on eccentric 242, (through the anti-friction rolls21,) tends to rotate said eccentric and the shaft 25 with it.

Piston 10 in the chamber 5 is of the same construction of the pistondescribed, except as to width, and is similarly supported, guided, and.connected to shaft 25, except the greater projection of eccentric 342 ison the opposite side of said shaft from that of eccentric 242.

The steam from chamber 5 exhausts through port 90 to the chamber 5 whereit is allowed to expand in the larger chamber, and pressing its pistonconveys movement to the shaft by means of the disk 11 engaging theeccentric. The steam from chamber 5 exhausts through chamber-port 91.The eccentrics being on opposite sides of the shaft, the pistons nearlybalance each. other.

A triple-expansion engine on the same principle is shown, in Figs. 4 and5. The pistonhead 170 is practically a cover like the cover 17, but iscontinued at its opposite face to form chamber 5 by means of rings 4 and6. The piston 10 Works therein and is connected to the disk 11", as hasbeen described of other pistons.

. The chamber 5 is deeper than either chamber 5 or 5 and the piston ofcourse corresponds. The steam is therefore permitted to expand stillmore in chamber 5 than in the chamber 5 The eccentrics 242, 342,2tnd44.2 are relatively connected to the shaft in such manner that thepistons will about balance each other on the shaft. The collars 240,340, and 44:0 correspond, and anti-friction rolls are preferablyinterposed in each case. The shaft 25 is surrounded by split sleeves 83within the several hubs of the steam-cylinders. Steam Will be admittedto the space A,

B, and O to balance the pistons and will generally be admitted to acorresponding area at the opposite side of the piston-disks, thusbalancing the pressure.

It will be understood that the addition of cylinders may be carried onas far as desirable.

WVhat I claim is 1. A cycloidal engine of the character described,havinga plurality of steam-cylinders with divided annular chambers, aplurality of broken-ring pistons fitted to such chambers, as described,and having disks covering the ends of the cylinders, the chamberssuccessively increasing in capacity, and connecting-ports leading from asmaller into a larger steam-chamber, substantially as described.

2. The combination,with the divided annular steam-chamber, of abroken-ring piston embracing the partition of .the chamber, a diskattached to the ring and overlapping the cylinder end, a collar on saiddisk, and an eccentric-piece on the shaft, on which said collar bears,substantially as described.

3. The cylinders having a single central partition and fixed hubs andrings projecting in opposite directions therefrom, forming brokenannular chambers of the character described, and two pistons, one ateach side of the central partition, each piston having movement aboutits own hub and in its own chamber, in combination, substantially asdescribed.

4. The combination, with the central shaft, of the plurality ofeccentrics secured thereto and projecting with their greatest extensionin different directions, and the plurality of pistons (working incylinders, as described) of unequal capacity and arranged to balance onthe eccentrics, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD O. JOHNSON. Witnesses.

W. A. BARTLETT, PHILIP MAURO.

